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Merge branch 'main' of https://github.com/PhasicFlow/phasicFlow into main

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Hamidreza Norouzi 2023-04-20 13:04:53 -07:00
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tutorials/sphereGranFlow/RotatingDrumWithBaffles/ReadMe.md
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# Problem Definition # Problem Definition
The problem is to simulate a rotating drum with the diameter **0.24 m**, the length **0.1 m** and **6** Baffles, rotating at **15 rpm**. This drum is filled with **20000** Particles.The timestep for integration is **0.00001 s**. There are 2 types of Particles in this drum each are beining inserted during simulation to fill the drum. The problem is to simulate a rotating drum with the diameter **0.24 m**, the length **0.1 m** and **6** Baffles, rotating at **15 rpm**. This drum is filled with **20000** Particles.The timestep for integration is **0.00001 s**. There are 2 types of Particles in this drum each are being inserted during simulation to fill the drum.
* **12500** Particles with **4 mm** diameter, at the rate of 12500 particles/s for 1 sec. * **12500** Particles with **4 mm** diameter, at the rate of 12500 particles/s for 1 sec.
* **7500** Particles with **5mm** diameter, at the rate of 7500 particles/s for 1 sec. * **7500** Particles with **5mm** diameter, at the rate of 7500 particles/s for 1 sec.

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tutorials/sphereGranFlow/toteblender/ReadMe.md
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# Problem Definition # Problem Definition
The problem is to simulate a double pedestal tote blender with the diameter **0.03 m** and **0.1 m** respectively, the length **0.3 m**, rotating at **28 rpm**. This blender is filled with **20000** Particles. The timestep for integration is **0.00001 s**. There is one type of Particle in this blender that are being inserted during simulation to fill the blender. The problem is to simulate a double pedestal tote blender (mixer) with the diameter **0.03 m** and **0.1 m** respectively, the length **0.3 m**, rotating at **28 rpm**. This blender is filled with **24000** particles. The timestep for integration is **0.00001 s**. There is one type of particle in this blender. Particles are positioned before start of simulation to fill the blender.
* **20000** particles with **4 mm** diameter, at the rate of 20000 particles/s for 1 sec. َAfter settling particles, this blender starts to rotate at t=**1s**. * **24000** particles with **5 mm** diameter are positioned, in order, and let to be settled under gravity. After settling particles, this blender starts to rotate at t=**1s**.
<html> <html>
<body> <body>
@ -8,117 +8,70 @@ The problem is to simulate a double pedestal tote blender with the diameter **0.
a view of the tote-blender while rotating a view of the tote-blender while rotating
</div></b> </div></b>
<div align="center"> <div align="center">
<img src="sample sample sample sample", width=700px> <img src="https://github.com/PhasicFlow/phasicFlow/blob/media/media/Tote-blender.gif", width=700px>
</div> </div>
<div align="center"><i>
particles are colored according to their velocity
</div></i>
</body> </body>
</html> </html>
# Setting up the Case # Setting up the Case
As it has been explained in the previous cases, the simulation case setup is based on text-based scripts. Here, the simulation case setup are sotred in two folders: `caseSetup`, `setting`. (see the above folders). Unlike the previous cases, this case does not have the `stl` file. and the geometry is described in the `geometryDict` file. As it has been explained in the previous cases, the simulation case setup is based on text-based scripts. Here, the simulation case setup files are stored into two folders: `caseSetup`, `setting` (see the above folders). Unlike the previous cases, this case does not have the `stl` file and the surfaces are defined based on the built-in utilities in phasicFlow. See next the section for more information on how we can setup the geometry and its rotation.
## Defining particles ## Geometry
Then in the `caseSetup/sphereShape` the diameter and the material name of the particles are defined.
```C++
// names of shapes
names (sphere1);
// diameter of shapes (m)
diameters (0.004);
// material names for shapes
materials (prop1);
```
## Particle Insertion
In this case we have a region for ordering particles. These particles are placed in this blender. For example the script for the inserted particles is shown below.
<div align="center"> ### Defining rotation axis
in <b>caseSetup/particleInsertion</b> file In file `settings/geometryDict` the information of rotating axis and speed of rotation are defined. The rotation of this blender starts at time=**0.5 s** and ends at time=**9.5 s**.
</div>
```C++ ```C++
// positions particles // information for rotatingAxisMotion motion model
positionParticles rotatingAxisMotionInfo
{ {
// ordered positioning axisOfRotation
method positionOrdered;
// maximum number of particles in the simulation
maxNumberOfParticles 40000;
// perform initial sorting based on morton code?
mortonSorting Yes;
// cylinder for positioning particles
cylinder
{ {
// Coordinates of top cylinderRegion (m,m,m) p1 (-0.1 0.0 0.15); // first point for the axis of rotation
p1 (0.05 0.0 0.12); p2 ( 0.1 0.0 0.15); // second point for the axis of rotation
p2 (0.05 0.0 0.22);
// radius of cylinder
radius 0.066;
}
positionOrderedInfo omega 1.5708; // rotation speed ==> 15 rad/s
{
// minimum space between centers of particles // Start time of Geometry Rotating (s)
diameter 0.003; startTime 0.5;
// number of particles in the simulation
numPoints 20000; // End time of Geometry Rotating (s)
// axis order for filling the space with particles endTime 9.5;
axisOrder (z y x);
} }
} }
``` ```
## Interaction between particles
In `caseSetup/interaction` file, material names and properties and interaction parameters are defined: interaction between the particles of rotating drum. Since we are defining 1 material for simulation, the interaction matrix is 1x1 (interactions are symetric).
```C++
// a list of materials names
materials (prop1);
// density of materials [kg/m3]
densities (1000.0);
contactListType sortedContactList;
model ### Surfaces
{ In `settings/geometryDict` file, the surfaces and motion component of each surface are defined to form a rotating tote-blender. The geometry is composed of top and bottom cylinders, top and bottom cones, a cylindrical shell and top and bottom Gates.
contactForceModel nonLinearNonLimited;
rollingFrictionModel normal;
/*
Property (prop1-prop1);
*/
// Young modulus [Pa]
Yeff (1.0e6);
// Shear modulus [Pa]
Geff (0.8e6);
// Poisson's ratio [-]
nu (0.25);
// coefficient of normal restitution
en (0.7);
// coefficient of tangential restitution
et (1.0);
// dynamic friction
mu (0.3);
// rolling friction
mur (0.1);
}
```
## Settings
### Geometry
In the `settings/geometryDict` file, the geometry and axis of rotation is defined for the drum. The geometry is composed of a cylinder inlet and outlet, cone shell top and down, a cylinder shell and enter and exit Gate.
```C++ ```C++
surfaces surfaces
{ {
topGate
topGate topGate
{ {
// type of wall // type of wall
type cylinderWall; type cylinderWall;
// begin point of cylinder axis // begin point of cylinder axis
p1 (0.0 0.0 0.299); p1 (0.0 0.0 0.3);
// end point of cylinder axis // end point of cylinder axis
p2 (0.0 0.0 0.3); p2 (0.0 0.0 0.301);
// radius at p1 // radius at p1
radius1 0.03; radius1 0.03;
// radius at p2 // radius at p2
radius2 0.0001; radius2 0.0001;
// material of wall // material of wall
material solidProperty; material solidProperty;
// motion component name // motion component name
motion axisOfRotation; motion axisOfRotation;
} }
@ -127,18 +80,25 @@ surfaces
{ {
// type of the wall // type of the wall
type cylinderWall; type cylinderWall;
// begin point of cylinder axis // begin point of cylinder axis
p1 (0.0 0.0 0.28); p1 (0.0 0.0 0.28);
// end point of cylinder axis // end point of cylinder axis
p2 (0.0 0.0 0.3); p2 (0.0 0.0 0.3);
// radius at p1 // radius at p1
radius1 0.03; radius1 0.03;
// radius at p2 // radius at p2
radius2 0.03; radius2 0.03;
// number of divisions // number of divisions
resolution 36; resolution 36;
// material name of this wall // material name of this wall
material prop1; material solidProperty;
// motion component name // motion component name
motion axisOfRotation; motion axisOfRotation;
} }
@ -147,18 +107,25 @@ surfaces
{ {
// type of the wall // type of the wall
type cylinderWall; type cylinderWall;
// begin point of cylinder axis // begin point of cylinder axis
p1 (0.0 0.0 0.2); p1 (0.0 0.0 0.2);
// end point of cylinder axis // end point of cylinder axis
p2 (0.0 0.0 0.28); p2 (0.0 0.0 0.28);
// radius at p1 // radius at p1
radius1 0.1; radius1 0.1;
// radius at p2 // radius at p2
radius2 0.03; radius2 0.03;
// number of divisions // number of divisions
resolution 36; resolution 36;
// material name of this wall // material name of this wall
material prop1; material solidProperty;
// motion component name // motion component name
motion axisOfRotation; motion axisOfRotation;
} }
@ -167,99 +134,223 @@ surfaces
{ {
// type of the wall // type of the wall
type cylinderWall; type cylinderWall;
// begin point of cylinder axis // begin point of cylinder axis
p1 (0.0 0.0 0.1); p1 (0.0 0.0 0.1);
// end point of cylinder axis // end point of cylinder axis
p2 (0.0 0.0 0.2); p2 (0.0 0.0 0.2);
// radius at p1 // radius at p1
radius1 0.1; radius1 0.1;
// radius at p2 // radius at p2
radius2 0.1; radius2 0.1;
// number of divisions // number of divisions
resolution 36; resolution 36;
// material name of this wall // material name of this wall
material prop1; material solidProperty;
// motion component name // motion component name
motion axisOfRotation; motion axisOfRotation;
} }
coneShelldown coneShelldown
{ {
// type of the wall // type of the wall
type cylinderWall; type cylinderWall;
// begin point of cylinder axis // begin point of cylinder axis
p1 (0.0 0.0 0.02); p1 (0.0 0.0 0.02);
// end point of cylinder axis // end point of cylinder axis
p2 (0.0 0.0 0.1); p2 (0.0 0.0 0.1);
// radius at p1 // radius at p1
radius1 0.03; radius1 0.03;
// radius at p2 // radius at p2
radius2 0.1; radius2 0.1;
// number of divisions // number of divisions
resolution 36; resolution 36;
// material name of this wall // material name of this wall
material prop1; material solidProperty;
// motion component name // motion component name
motion axisOfRotation; motion axisOfRotation;
} }
/*
This is a plane wall at the exit of silo
*/
bottomCylinder bottomCylinder
{ {
// type of the wall // type of the wall
type cylinderWall; type cylinderWall;
// begin point of cylinder axis // begin point of cylinder axis
p1 (0.0 0.0 0.0); p1 (0.0 0.0 0.0);
// end point of cylinder axis // end point of cylinder axis
p2 (0.0 0.0 0.02); p2 (0.0 0.0 0.02);
// radius at p1 // radius at p1
radius1 0.03; radius1 0.03;
// radius at p2 // radius at p2
radius2 0.03; radius2 0.03;
// number of divisions // number of divisions
resolution 36; resolution 36;
// material name of this wall // material name of this wall
material prop1; material solidProperty;
// motion component name // motion component name
motion axisOfRotation; motion axisOfRotation;
} }
exitGate exitGate
{ {
type planeWall;
p1 (-0.05 -0.05 0); // type of the wall
p2 (-0.05 0.05 0); type cylinderWall;
p3 ( 0.05 0.05 0);
p4 (0.05 -0.05 0); // begin point of cylinder axis
material prop1; p1 (0.0 0.0 -0.001);
// end point of cylinder axis
p2 (0.0 0.0 0.0);
// radius at p1
radius1 0.03;
// radius at p2
radius2 0.0001;
// number of divisions
resolution 36;
// material name of this wall
material solidProperty;
// motion component name
motion axisOfRotation; motion axisOfRotation;
} }
} }
``` ```
### Rotating Axis Info
In this part of `geometryDict` the information of rotating axis and speed of rotation are defined. Unlike the previous cases, the rotation of this blender starts at time=**0 s**. ## Defining particles
### Diameter and material of spheres
In the `caseSetup/sphereShape` the diameter and the material name of the particles are defined.
<div align="center">
in <b>caseSetup/sphereShape</b> file
</div>
```C++ ```C++
// information for rotatingAxisMotion motion model // name of shapes
rotatingAxisMotionInfo names (sphere1);
// diameter of shapes (m)
diameters (0.005);
// material name for shapes
materials (solidProperty);
```
### Particle positioning before start of simulation
Particles are positioned before the start of simulation. The positioning can be ordered or random. Here we use ordered positioning. 24000 particles are positioned in a cylinderical region inside the tote-blender.
<div align="center">
in <b>settings/particlesDict</b> file
</div>
```C++
// positions particles
positionParticles
{ {
axisOfRotation // ordered positioning
method positionOrdered;
// maximum number of particles in the simulation
maxNumberOfParticles 25001;
// perform initial sorting based on morton code?
mortonSorting Yes;
// cylinderical region for positioning particles
cylinder
{ {
p1 (-0.1 0.0 0.15); // first point for the axis of rotation p1 (0.0 0.0 0.09);
p2 (0.1 0.0 0.15); // second point for the axis of rotation p2 (0.0 0.0 0.21);
omega 1.5708; // rotation speed ==> 15 rad/s radius 0.09;
// Start time of Geometry Rotating (s) }
startTime 1;
// End time of Geometry Rotating (s) positionOrderedInfo
endTime 9.5; {
// minimum space between centers of particles
diameter 0.005;
// number of particles in the simulation
numPoints 24000;
// axis order for filling the space with particles
axisOrder (x y z);
} }
} }
``` ```
## Performing Simulation
## Interaction between particles
In `caseSetup/interaction` file, material names and properties and interaction parameters are defined. Since we are defining 1 material type in the simulation, the interaction matrix is 1x1 (interactions are symmetric).
```C++
// a list of materials names
materials (solidProperty);
// density of materials [kg/m3]
densities (1000.0);
contactListType sortedContactList;
model
{
contactForceModel nonLinearNonLimited;
rollingFrictionModel normal;
/*
Property (solidProperty-solidProperty);
*/
// Young modulus [Pa]
Yeff (1.0e6);
// Shear modulus [Pa]
Geff (0.8e6);
// Poisson's ratio [-]
nu (0.25);
// coefficient of normal restitution
en (0.7);
// coefficient of tangential restitution
et (1.0);
// dynamic friction
mu (0.3);
// rolling friction
mur (0.1);
}
```
# Performing Simulation and previewing the results
To perform simulations, enter the following commands one after another in the terminal. To perform simulations, enter the following commands one after another in the terminal.
Enter `$ particlesPhasicFlow` command to create the initial fields for particles. Enter `$ particlesPhasicFlow` command to create the initial fields for particles.
Enter `$ geometryPhasicFlow` command to create the Geometry. Enter `$ geometryPhasicFlow` command to create the geometry.
At last, enter `$ sphereGranFlow` command to start the simulation. At last, enter `$ sphereGranFlow` command to start the simulation.
After finishing the simulation, you can use `$ pFlowtoVTK` to convert the results into vtk format storred in ./VTK folder. After finishing the simulation, you can use `$ pFlowtoVTK` to convert the results into vtk format stored in ./VTK folder.