update rotatingDrumSmall tutorial
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# Simulating a small rotating drum {#rotatingDrumSmall}
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## Problem definition
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## Problem definition (v-1.0)
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The problem is to simulate a rotating drum with the diameter 0.24 m and the length 0.1 m rotating at 11.6 rpm. It is filled with 30,000 4-mm spherical particles. The timestep for integration is 0.00001 s.
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<div align="center"><b>
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a view of rotating drum
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</b></div>
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@ -12,36 +11,41 @@ a view of rotating drum
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## Setting up the case
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PhasicFlow simulation case setup is based on the text-based scripts that we provide in two folders located in the simulation case folder: `settings` and `caseSetup` (You can find the case setup files in the above folders.
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All the commands should be entered in the terminal while the current working directory is the simulation case folder (at the top of the `caseSetup` and `settings`).
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### Creating particles
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Open the file `settings/particlesDict`. Two dictionaries, `positionParticles` and `setFields` position particles and set the field values for the particles.
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In dictionary `positionParticles`, the positioning `method` is `positionOrdered`, which position particles in order in the space defined by `box`. `box` space is defined by two corner points `min` and `max`. In dictionary `positionOrderedInfo`, `numPoints` defines number of particles; `diameter`, the distance between two adjacent particles, and `axisOrder` defines the axis order for filling the space by particles.
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In dictionary `positionParticles`, the positioning `method` is `ordered`, which position particles in order in the space defined by `box`. `box` space is defined by two corner points `min` and `max`. In dictionary `orderedInfo`, `numPoints` defines number of particles; `diameter`, the distance between two adjacent particles, and `axisOrder` defines the axis order for filling the space by particles.
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<div align="center">
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in <b>settings/particlesDict</b> file
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</div>
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```C++
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positionParticles
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positionParticles // positions particles
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{
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method positionOrdered; // ordered positioning
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maxNumberOfParticles 40000; // maximum number of particles in the simulation
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mortonSorting Yes; // perform initial sorting based on morton code?
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method ordered; // other options: random and empty
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box // box for positioning particles
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{
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min (-0.08 -0.08 0.015); // lower corner point of the box
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max ( 0.08 0.08 0.098); // upper corner point of the box
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}
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mortonSorting Yes; // perform initial sorting based on morton code?
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positionOrderedInfo
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{
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diameter 0.004; // minimum space between centers of particles
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numPoints 30000; // number of particles in the simulation
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axisOrder (z y x); // axis order for filling the space with particles
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}
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orderedInfo
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{
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diameter 0.004; // minimum space between centers of particles
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numPoints 30000; // number of particles in the simulation
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axisOrder (z y x); // axis order for filling the space with particles
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}
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regionType box; // other options: cylinder and sphere
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boxInfo // box information for positioning particles
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{
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min (-0.08 -0.08 0.015); // lower corner point of the box
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max ( 0.08 0.08 0.098); // upper corner point of the box
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}
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}
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```
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In dictionary `setFields`, dictionary `defaultValue` defines the initial value for particle fields (here, `velocity`, `acceleration`, `rotVelocity`, and `shapeName`). Note that `shapeName` field should be consistent with the name of shape that you later set for shapes (here one shape with name `sphere1`).
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@ -51,44 +55,64 @@ in <b>settings/particlesDict</b> file
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</div>
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```C++
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setFields
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{
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defaultValue
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{
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velocity realx3 (0 0 0); // linear velocity (m/s)
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acceleration realx3 (0 0 0); // linear acceleration (m/s2)
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rotVelocity realx3 (0 0 0); // rotational velocity (rad/s)
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shapeName word sphere1; // name of the particle shape
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}
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selectors
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{}
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}
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defaultValue
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{
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velocity realx3 (0 0 0); // linear velocity (m/s)
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acceleration realx3 (0 0 0); // linear acceleration (m/s2)
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rVelocity realx3 (0 0 0); // rotational velocity (rad/s)
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shapeName word sphere1; // name of the particle shape
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}
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selectors
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{
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shapeAssigne
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{
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selector stridedRange; // other options: box, cylinder, sphere, randomPoints
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stridedRangeInfo
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{
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begin 0; // begin index of points
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end ; // end index of points
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stride 3; // stride for selector
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}
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fieldValue // fields that the selector is applied to
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{
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shapeName word sphere1; // sets shapeName of the selected points to largeSphere
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}
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}
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}
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```
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Enter the following command in the terminal to create the particles and store them in `0` folder.
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`> particlesPhasicFlow`
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### Creating geometry
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In file `settings/geometryDict` , you can provide information for creating geometry. Each simulation should have a `motionModel` that defines a model for moving the surfaces in the simulation. `rotatingAxisMotion` model defines a fixed axis which rotates around itself. The dictionary `rotAxis` defines an motion component with `p1` and `p2` as the end points of the axis and `omega` as the rotation speed in rad/s. You can define more than one motion component in a simulation.
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In file `settings/geometryDict` , you can provide information for creating geometry. Each simulation should have a `motionModel` that defines a model for moving the surfaces in the simulation. `rotatingAxis` model defines a fixed axis which rotates around itself. The dictionary `rotAxis` defines an motion component with `p1` and `p2` as the end points of the axis and `omega` as the rotation speed in rad/s. You can define more than one motion component in a simulation.
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<div align="center">
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in <b>settings/geometryDict</b> file
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</div>
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```C++
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motionModel rotatingAxisMotion;
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.
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.
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.
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rotatingAxisMotionInfo
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motionModel rotatingAxis;
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rotatingAxisInfo // information for rotatingAxisMotion motion model
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{
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rotAxis
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{
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p1 (0.0 0.0 0.0); // first point for the axis of rotation
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p2 (0.0 0.0 1.0); // second point for the axis of rotation
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omega 1.214; // rotation speed (rad/s)
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}
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rotAxis
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{
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p1 (0.0 0.0 0.0); // first point for the axis of rotation
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p2 (0.0 0.0 1.0); // second point for the axis of rotation
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omega 1.214; // rotation speed (rad/s)
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}
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}
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```
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In the dictionary `surfaces` you can define all the surfaces (walls) in the simulation. Two main options are available: built-in geometries in PhasicFlow, and providing surfaces with stl file. Here we use built-in geometries. In `cylinder` dictionary, a cylindrical shell with end radii, `radius1` and `radius2`, axis end points `p1` and `p2`, `material` name `prop1`, `motion` component `rotAxis` is defined. `resolution` sets number of division for the cylinder shell. `wall1` and `wall2` define two plane walls at two ends of cylindrical shell with coplanar corner points `p1`, `p2`, `p3`, and `p4`, `material` name `prop1` and `motion` component `rotAxis`.
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@ -100,37 +124,70 @@ in <b>settings/geometryDict</b> file
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```C++
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surfaces
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{
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cylinder
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{
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type cylinderWall; // type of the wall
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p1 (0.0 0.0 0.0); // begin point of cylinder axis
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p2 (0.0 0.0 0.1); // end point of cylinder axis
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radius1 0.12; // radius at p1
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radius2 0.12; // radius at p2
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resolution 24; // number of divisions
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material prop1; // material name of this wall
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motion rotAxis; // motion component name
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}
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wall1
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{
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type planeWall; // type of the wall
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p1 (-0.12 -0.12 0.0); // first point of the wall
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p2 ( 0.12 -0.12 0.0); // second point
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p3 ( 0.12 0.12 0.0); // third point
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p4 (-0.12 0.12 0.0); // fourth point
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material prop1; // material name of the wall
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motion rotAxis; // motion component name
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}
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wall2
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{
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type planeWall;
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p1 (-0.12 -0.12 0.1);
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p2 ( 0.12 -0.12 0.1);
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p3 ( 0.12 0.12 0.1);
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p4 (-0.12 0.12 0.1);
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material prop1;
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motion rotAxis;
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}
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/*
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A cylinder with begin and end radii 0.12 m and axis points at (0 0 0) and (0 0 0.1)
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*/
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cylinder
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{
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type cylinderWall; // type of the wall
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p1 (0.0 0.0 0.0); // begin point of cylinder axis
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p2 (0.0 0.0 0.1); // end point of cylinder axis
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radius1 0.12; // radius at p1
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radius2 0.12; // radius at p2
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resolution 24; // number of divisions
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material prop1; // material name of this wall
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motion rotAxis; // motion component name
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}
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/*
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This is a plane wall at the rear end of cylinder
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*/
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wall1
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{
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type planeWall; // type of the wall
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p1 (-0.12 -0.12 0.0); // first point of the wall
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p2 ( 0.12 -0.12 0.0); // second point
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p3 ( 0.12 0.12 0.0); // third point
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p4 (-0.12 0.12 0.0); // fourth point
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material prop1; // material name of the wall
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motion rotAxis; // motion component name
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}
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/*
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This is a plane wall at the front end of cylinder
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*/
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wall2
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{
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type planeWall; // type of the wall
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p1 (-0.12 -0.12 0.1); // first point of the wall
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p2 ( 0.12 -0.12 0.1); // second point
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p3 ( 0.12 0.12 0.1); // third point
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p4 (-0.12 0.12 0.1); // fourth point
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material prop1; // material name of the wall
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motion rotAxis; // motion component name
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}
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}
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```
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Enter the following command in the terminal to create the geometry and store it in `0/geometry` folder.
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@ -172,24 +229,22 @@ in <b>caseSetup/interaction</b> file
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</div>
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```C++
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contactListType sortedContactList;
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contactSearch
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{
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method NBS; // method for broad search particle-particle
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wallMapping cellsSimple; // method for broad search particle-wall
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method NBS; // method for broad search
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updateInterval 10;
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NBSInfo
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{
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updateFrequency 20; // each 20 timesteps, update neighbor list
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sizeRatio 1.1; // bounding box size to particle diameter (max)
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}
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sizeRatio 1.1;
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cellsSimpleInfo
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{
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updateFrequency 20; // each 20 timesteps, update neighbor list
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cellExtent 0.7; // bounding box for particle-wall search (> 0.5)
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}
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cellExtent 0.55;
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adjustableBox Yes;
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}
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}
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```
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In the file `caseSetup/sphereShape`, you can define a list of `names` for shapes (`shapeName` in particle field), a list of diameters for shapes and their `properties` names.
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@ -204,27 +259,107 @@ diameters (0.004); // diameter of shapes
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materials (prop1); // material names for shapes
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```
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Other settings for the simulation can be set in file `settings/settingsDict`. The dictionary `domain` defines the a rectangular bounding box with two corner points for the simulation. Each particle that gets out of this box, will be deleted automatically.
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Other settings for the simulation can be set in file `settings/settingsDict`.
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<div align="center">
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in <b>settings/settingsDict</b> file
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</div>
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```C++
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dt 0.00001; // time step for integration (s)
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startTime 0; // start time for simulation
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endTime 10; // end time for simulation
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saveInterval 0.1; // time interval for saving the simulation
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timePrecision 6; // maximum number of digits for time folder
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g (0 -9.8 0); // gravity vector (m/s2)
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domain
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{
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min (-0.12 -0.12 0);
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max (0.12 0.12 0.11);
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}
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integrationMethod AdamsBashforth2; // integration method
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run rotatingDrumSmall;
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dt 0.00001; // time step for integration (s)
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startTime 0; // start time for simulation
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endTime 10; // end time for simulation
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saveInterval 0.1; // time interval for saving the simulation
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timePrecision 6; // maximum number of digits for time folder
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g (0 -9.8 0); // gravity vector (m/s2)
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includeObjects (diameter); // save necessary (i.e., required) data on disk
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// exclude unnecessary data from saving on disk
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excludeObjects (rVelocity.dy1 pStructPosition.dy1 pStructVelocity.dy1);
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integrationMethod AdamsBashforth2; // integration method
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writeFormat ascii; // data writting format (ascii or binary)
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timersReport Yes; // report timers (Yes or No)
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timersReportInterval 0.01; // time interval for reporting timers
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```
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The dictionary `domain` defines the a rectangular bounding box with two corner points for the simulation. Each particle that gets out of this box, will be deleted automatically.
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<div align="center">
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in <b>settings/domainDict</b> file
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</div>
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```C++
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globalBox // Simulation domain: every particles that goes outside this domain will be deleted
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{
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min (-0.12 -0.12 0.00); // lower corner point of the box
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max (0.12 0.12 0.11); // upper corner point of the box
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}
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decomposition
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{
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direction z;
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}
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boundaries
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{
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neighborListUpdateInterval 50; /* Determines how often (how many iterations) do you want to
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rebuild the list of particles in the neighbor list
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of all boundaries in the simulation domain */
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updateInterval 10; // Determines how often do you want to update the new changes in the boundary
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neighborLength 0.004; // The distance from the boundary plane within which particles are marked to be in the boundary list
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left
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{
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type exit; // other options: periodict, reflective
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}
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right
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{
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type exit; // other options: periodict, reflective
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}
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bottom
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{
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type exit; // other options: periodict, reflective
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}
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top
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{
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type exit; // other options: periodict, reflective
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}
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rear
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{
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type exit; // other options: periodict, reflective
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}
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front
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{
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type exit; // other options: periodict, reflective
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}
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}
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```
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## Running the case
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The solver for this simulation is `sphereGranFlow`. Enter the following command in the terminal. Depending on the computational power, it may take a few minutes to a few hours to complete.
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